SUMMARY OF CHAPTER NO. 1

INTRODUCTION TO MANAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATION.

WHO ARE MANAGERS?


Managers are those who coordinate and oversee the work activities of other people so that organizational goals can be accomplished.


Managerials responsibilities are shared by manager and team members. Managers are cross trained and multiskilled. They can be team leader, equipment operator, maintenance technican, quality inspector or improvement planner.

LEVELS OF MANAGERS.


TOP MANGERS.


Managers at or near the upper levels of the organization structure who are responsible for making organization wide decesion and establishing the goals and plans that effect the entire organiztion.

They are known as exectuvie vice president, president, managining director, chief operating officer, cheif executive officer or chairperson.


MIDDLE MANAGERS.


Managers between the firt level and the top level of the organiztion who manage the work of first line managers.

They are regional manager, project leader, plant manager or division manager.


FIRST LINE MANAGER.

Managers at the lowest level of the organinzation that the manage the work of non managerial employees.

They are supervisor, shift manager, distict manager, department managers, office managers or fore person.

WHAT IS MANAGEMENT.

Coordinating and over seeing the work activities of others so that their activities are completed effectively and efficiently.

EFFICIENCY.

Doing thing right, or getting the most out put form the least amount of inputs.

EFFECTIVENESS.

Doing the right things, or completing activities so that organiztional goal are attained.

Efficiency is concerned with the means of getting things done, effectiveness is concerned with the ends or attainment of organizational goals.

WHAT DO MANAGERS DO?

There are three specific categorization schemes to describe what managers do:

Functions

Roles &

Skills

Management Functions:

In the early part of twentieth century, Henri Fayol, a French industrialist first proposed that all managers perform five functions:Planning, organizing, commanding, coordinating & controlling.

• In the mid-1950s, a management text book first used the functions of planning, organizing , staffing, directing, & controlling as a frame work.


• Today, most management text books are still organized around the basic nanagement functions, which now include planning, organizing, leading & controlling,

Planning: Management function that involves defining goals, establishing strategies for achieving those goals, and developing plans to integrate and coordinate activities.

Organizing:Management function that involves arranging and structuring work to accomplish the organization's goals.

Leading: Management function that involves working with and through people to accomplish organizational goal.

Controlling:Management function that involves monitoring, comparing, and correcting work performance.

Management Roles:

Specific categories of managerial behaviour.

Henry Mintzberg,a prominent management researcher, studied actual managers at work.He concluded that what managers do can best be described by loooking at 10 different but highly interrelated management roles they use at work.

Interpersonal roles:Managerial roles that involve people and other duties that are ceremonial and symbolic in nature.

• Figurehead


• Leader


• Liaison

Informational roles:Managerial roles that involve collecting, receiving, and disseminating information.

• Monitor


• Disseminator


• Spokesperson

Decisional roles:Managerial roles that revolve around making choices.

• Entrepreneur


• Disturbance handler


• Resource allocator


• Negotiator

Mangement Skills:

A manager's job is varied and complex. Managers need certain skills to perform the duties and activties associated with being a manager.Researches by Robert L.Katz, concluded that managers needed three essential skills.

• Technical skills:Job-specific knowledge and techniques needed to proficiently perform specific tasks.


• Human Skills:The ability to work well with other people individually and in a group.


• Conceptual Skills: The ability to think and to conceptualize about abstract and complex situations.

Importance of these skills varies depending on managerial level.

How the manager's job is changing?

changes impacting manager's job are:

• Changing technology


• Increased security threats


• increased emphasis on ethics


• Increased competitiveness

Importance of customers:Managers everywhere are beginning to understand that delivering consistent high-quality service is essential for success and survival in today's competitive environment and that employees are an important part of that equation.The implication is clear-they must create a customer responsive organization where employees are friendly and courteous, acccessible,knowledgeable, prompt in responding to customer needs, and willing to do what's necessary to please the customer.

Importance of Innovation:Nothing is more risky than not innovating. Innovation means doing things differently, exploring new territory, and taking risks. and innovation isn't just for high-tech and technologically advanced organizations.

What is an Organization?

A deliberate arrangement of people to accomplish some specific purpose.

The nature of an organization is changing.

Organizations are changing because the world around them is changing.

Why study Management?

Universality of management:The reality that management is needed in all types and sizes of organizations, at all organizational levels, in all organizational areas, and in organizations in all countries around the globe.

• The reality of work: either manage or be managed
• Challanges & rewards of being a manager.

Questions

Q1. Managers who manage the work of non managerial employees are

a- First line managers

b- Middle managers

c- Top managers

d- Plant managers

Q2.Henri Fayol, a French industrialist, proposed --------- management functions.

a- 3

b- 4

c- 5

d- None

Q3. Management function that involves arranging and structuring work to accomplish the organization's goals is

a- Planning

b- Organizing

c- Leading

d- Controlling

Q4---------- Skills are most important at Top management levels

a- Interpersonal

b- Technical

c- Human

d- Conceptual

Q5. Informational roles include

a- Leader

b- Monitor

c- Liaison

d- Enterpreneur

Q6. Middle managers may have title

a- Chairperson

b- Foreperson

c- Project leader

d- President